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Europium
Electron Configuration 2,8,18,25,8,2
Electron Configuration [Xe]] 4f7 6s2
Electronegativity 1.2
Enthalpy of Fusion 10.5 kJ mol-1
Enthalpy of Vaporisation 176 kJ mol-1
Heat Capacity 27.66 J mol-1 K-1
Thermal Conductivity 13.9 W m-1 K-1
Thermal Expansion 35 μm m-1 K-1
Magnetic ordering No data
Electrical resistivity 0.900 Ω m
Young's modulus 18.2 GPa
Shear modulus GPa
Bulk modulus 8.3 GPa
Poisson ratio 0.152
Vickers hardness 167 MPa
Atomic Radii
Atomic Radius 185 pm
Bohr Radius 231 pm
Covalent Radius 185 pm
Van der Waals 0 pm
Oxidation States
Main Eu+3
Other Eu+2
Ionisation Energies (kJ mol-1) show graph
M - M+ 546.7
M+ - M2+ 1085
M2+ - M3+ 2404
M3+ - M4+ 4110